Effectiveness of Behavior Change Program for Knowledge of Self-diabetes Management and Blood Sugar Level among Risk Group of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sukhothai Province

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research proposed to study the effectiveness of behavior change program for blood sugar level control among population at risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sukhothai Province. The program was developed by using Stage of Change Model. A total of 200 samples at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into two groups, 100 in the intervention group and the other 100 in the comparison group. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the samples and a knowledge questionnaire was employed for data collection. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested by Kuder-Richardson (KR20) and its reliability was 0.82. Statistics used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, standard deviation, Independent Sample T-test, and Paired Sample T-Test. The significant level was set up at 0.05. The results revealed that after intervention, greater knowledge on diabetes mellitus, complication, and self-care behavior was found in the intervention group (p-value < 0.05). On the other hand, knowledge of the comparison group before and after intervention was not different
(p-value > 0.05). Blood sugar level in the intervention group decreased after intervention (p-value < 0.05) whereas no difference between before and after intervention in the comparison group (p-value = 0.421). Moreover, there was a statistical significant of an increase knowledge and blood sugar level in the intervention group compared to the comparison group after intervention (p-value < 0.001). Behavior change program for blood sugar control developed by using Stage of Change Model was effective since population at risk involved in the program showed an increase their knowledge and blood sugar level could be controlled significantly.