Effects of Replacing Squid Oil with Dietary Vegetable Oils on Growth, Fatty Acid Composition and Expression Levels of Fatty Acyl Delta6 Desaturase mRNAs in Black Ear Catfish, Pangasius larnaudii
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Published:
Oct 27, 2017
Keywords:
vegetable oils fatty acyl delta6 desaturase mRNAs Pangasius larnaudii
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Abstract
A 6-month feeding trial on four experimental diets containing squid oil (SO), palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SBO) and sunflower oil (SFO) in juvenile black ear catfish (Pangasius larnaudii) was performed. Fish fed each source of vegetable oils exhibited a higher final weight and ADG (months 4 – 6) than those fed the SO diet (P < 0.05). Final weight gain (FWG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed PO and SBO were greater than those fed with SO diet (P < 0.05). The EPA/ARA ratio in muscle of fish fed SO and PO was higher than that of fish fed the SFO diet (P < 0.05). In addition, the full-length cDNAs of fatty acyl delta6 desaturase (Plfadsd6; 1748 bp) were isolated. Its expression levels in fish fed the PO diet were greater than those fed other diets (P < 0.05). PlFadsd6 in fish fed SO was not significantly different from fish fed SBO (P > 0.05) but greater than those fed the SFO diet (P < 0.05). Results of the present study suggest that the diet containing SO may be more appropriately replaced with PO than SBO and SFO in the grow-out diet for P. larnaudii.
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Lamkom, T., Sarnsamak, K., Payooha, K., & Klinbunga, S. (2017). Effects of Replacing Squid Oil with Dietary Vegetable Oils on Growth, Fatty Acid Composition and Expression Levels of Fatty Acyl Delta6 Desaturase mRNAs in Black Ear Catfish, Pangasius larnaudii. Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 41(3), 12–27. Retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JFE/article/view/89221
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References
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29. Pongjanyakul, T., T. Nualchan and P. Somseub. 2008. Replacement of fish meal protein with soybean meal protein in diet of black ear catfish (Pangasius larnaudii Bocourt, 1866). Inland Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Department of Fisheries, Thailand, pp.1-24.
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38. Thailand Feed Mill Association. 2009. https://www.thaifeedmill.com/tabid/78/Default.aspx.
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40. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, P. MacGlaughlin, F. McGhee and J.R. Dick. 2001. Hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of liver in salmonids: effects of dietary vegetable oil. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 130: 257-270.
41. Tocher, D.R., M. Agaba, N. Hastings, J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick and A.J. Teale. 2002a. Nutritional regulation of hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 24: 309–320.
42. Tocher, D.R., J. Fonseca-Madrigal, J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick, R.J. Henderson and J.R. Sargent. 2002b. Effects of diets containing linseed oil on fatty acid desaturation and oxidation in hepatocytes and intestinal enterocytes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 26: 157–170.
43. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick and V.O. Crampton. 2003a. Effects of dietary vegetable oil in Atalantic salmon hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and liver fatty acid composition. Lipids 38: 723–732.
44. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, F. McGhee, J.R. Dick and J. Fonseca-Madrigal. 2003b. Effect of dietary lipid level and vegetable oil an fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) over the whole production cycle. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 29: 193-209.
45. Tocher, D.R., J.R. Dick, P.M. MacGlaughlin and J.G. Bell. 2006. Effect of diets enriched in ∆6 desaturated fatty acids (18:3n-6 and 18:4n-3), on growth, fatty acid composition and highly unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in two populations of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 144: 245-253.
46. Turchini, G.M., D.S. Francis and S.S. De Silva. 2006. Modification of tissue fatty acid composition in Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii, Mitchell) resulting from a shift from vegetable oil diets to a fish oil diet. Aquaculture Research 37: 570–585.
47. Van Zalinge, N.L. Sopha, N.P. Bun, H. Kong and J.V. Jørgensen. 2002. Status of the Mekong Pangasianodon hypophthalmus resources, with special reference to the stock shared between Cambodia and Viet Nam. MRC Technical Paper No.1, Mekong River Commission, Phnom Penh. 29 pp. ISSN: 1683-1489.
48. Zambiazi, R.C., R. Przybylski, M.W. Zambiazi and C.B. Mendonḉa. 2007. Fatty acid composition of vegetable oils and fats. B. CEPPA Curitiba, 25: 111-120.
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2. Altschul, S.F., W. Gish, W. Miller, E.W. Myers and D.J. Lipman. 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology 215: 403–410.
3. AOAC. 1997. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Inc, Arlington, Texas, USA.
4. Asdari, R., M. Aliyu-Paiko and R. Hashim. 2011a. Effects of different dietary lipid sources in the diet for Pangasius nasatus (Bleeker, 1863) juveniles on growth performance, feed efficiency, body indices and muscle and liver fatty acid compositions. Aquaculture Nutrition 17: e883-e891.
5. Asdari, R., M. Aliyu-Paiko, R. Hashim and S. Ramachandran. 2011b. Effects of different dietary lipid sources in the diet for Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) juveniles on growth performance, nutrition utilization, body indices and muscle and liver fatty acid composition. Aquaculture Nutrition 17: e44-e53.
6. Bahurmiz, O.M. and W.K. Ng. 2007. Effects of dietary palm oil source on growth, tissue fatty acid composition and nutrient digestibility of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis sp., raised from stocking to marketable size. Aquaculture 262: 382-392.
7. Barlow, S. 2000. Fishmeal and oil: sustainable feed ingredients for aquafeeds. Global Aquaculture Advocate 4: 85-88.
8. Bell, J.G., J.R. Dick, A.H. Mc Vicar, J.R. Sargent and K.D. Thompson. 1993. Dietary sunflower, linseed and fish oils affect phospholipid fatty acid composition, development of cardiac lesions, phospholipase activity and eicosanoid production in Atlantic salmon. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 49: 665–673.
9. Bell, J.G., J. McEvoy, D.R. Tocher, F. McGhee, P.J. Campbell and J.R. Sargent. 2001. Replacement of fish oil with rape seed oil in diets of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) affects tissue lipid compositions and hepatocyte fatty acid metabolism. Journal of Nutrition 131: 1535-1543.
10. Bell, J.G., R.J. Henderson, D.R. Tocher, F. McGhee, J.R. Dick, A. Porter, R. Smullen and J.R. Sargent. 2002. Substituting fish oil with crude palm oil in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) affects tissue fatty acid composition and hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Journal of Nutrition 132: 222-230.
11. Bell, J.G., F. McGhee, P.J. Campbell and J.R. Sargent. 2003. Rapeseed oil as an alternative to marine fish oil in diets of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): changes in flesh fatty acid composition and effectiveness of subsequent fish oil ‘‘wash out’’. Aquaculture 218: 515–528.
12. Benítez-Santana, T., R. Masuda, E. Juárez Carrillo, E. Ganuza, A. Valencia, C.M. Hernández-Cruz and M.S. Izquierdo. 2007. Dietary n-3 HUFA deficiency induces a reduced visual response in gilthead seabream Sparus aurata larvae. Aquaculture 264: 408–417.
13. Boyd, C.E. 1998. Pond water aeration system. Aquacultural Engineering 18: 9-40.
14. Bransden, M.P., C.G. Carter and P.D. Nichols. 2003. Replacement of fish oil with sunflower oil in feeds for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): effect on growth performance, tissue fatty acid composition and disease resistance. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 135: 611-625.
15. Chansri, P., S. Khannumthieng and N. Sukumasavin. 2002. Survey of cage culture of Pangasius larnaudii along the Mun river, Ubon ratchathani province. Thai MRC Fisheries Programme.
16. Fonseca-Madrigal, J., V. Karalazos, P.J. Campbell, J.G. Bell and D.R. Tocher. 2005. Influence of dietary palm oil on growth, tissue fatty acid compositions, and fatty acid metabolism in liver and intestine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Nutrition 11: 241-250.
17. Francis, D.S., G.M. Turchini, P.L. Jones and S.S. De Silva. 2007. Dietary lipid source modulates in vivo fatty acid metabolism in the freshwater fish, Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55: 1582–1591.
18. Gao, J., S. Koshio, M. Ishikawa, S. Yokoyama, T. Ren, C.F. Komilus and Y. Han. 2012. Effects of dietary palm oil supplements with oxidized and non-oxidized fish oil on growth performances and fatty acid compositions of juvenile Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture 324-325: 97-103.
19. Gerdes, D., M. Wehling, B. Leube and E. Falkenstein. 1998. Cloning and tissue expression of two putative steroid membrane receptors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 379: 907-911.
20. Goda, A.M. A.-S., M.E. Wafa, E.R. El-Haroun and M.A.K. Chowdhury. 2007. Growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758 and tilapia galilae Sarotherodon gagilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) fingerlings fed plant protein-based diets. Aquaculture Research 38: 827-837.
21. Hastings, N., M.K. Agaba, D.R. Tocher, X. Zheng, C.A. Dickson, J.R. Dick and A.J. Teale. 2005. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of fatty acyl desaturase and elongase cDNAs involved in the production of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from α-linolenic acid in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Marine Biotechnology 6: 463-474.
22. Izquierdo, M.S., L. Robaina, E. Juárez-Carrillo, V. Oliva, C.M. Hernandez-Cruz and J.M. Afonso. 2008. Regulation of growth, fatty acid composition and delta-6 desaturase expression by dietary lipids in gilthead seabream larvae (Sparus aurata). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 34: 117-127.
23. Jaya-Ram, A., S.D. Ishak, Y.-L. Enyu, M.K. Kuah, K.-L. Wong and A.C. Shu-Chien. 2011. Molecular cloning and ontogenic mRNA expression of fatty acid desaturase in the carnivorous stripes snakehead fish (Channa striata). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 158: 415-422.
24. Li, Y., C. Hu, Y. Zheng, X. Xia, W. Xu, S. Wang, W. Chen, W. Sun and J. Huang. 2008. The effects of dietary fatty acids on liver fatty acid composition and Δ6-desaturase expression differ with ambient salinities in Siganus canaliculatus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 151: 183–190.
25. Ling, S., M.K. Kuah, T.S. Tengku Muhammad, S. Kolkovski and A.C. Shu-Chien. 2006. Effect of dietary HUFA on reproductive performance, tissue fatty acid profile and desaturase and elongase mRNAs in female swordtail Xiphophorus helleri. Aquaculture 261: 204–214.
26. Masuda, R., D.A. Ziemann and A.C. Ostrowski. 2001. Patchiness formation and development of schooling behavior in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis reared with different dietary highly unsaturated fatty acid contents. Journal of World Aquaculture Society 32: 309–316.
27. Monroig, Ó., X. Zheng, S. Morais, M.J. Leaver, J.B. Taggart and D.R. Tocher. 2010. Multiple genes for functional ∆6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1801: 1072-1081.
28. Piedecausa, M.A., M.J. MazÓn, B. GarcÍa and M.D. Hernándes. 2007. Effects of total replacement of fish oil by vegetable oils in the diets of sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo). Aquaculture 263: 211-219.
29. Pongjanyakul, T., T. Nualchan and P. Somseub. 2008. Replacement of fish meal protein with soybean meal protein in diet of black ear catfish (Pangasius larnaudii Bocourt, 1866). Inland Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Department of Fisheries, Thailand, pp.1-24.
30. Ren, H.-T., J.-H. Yu, P. Xu and Y.-K. Tang. 2012. Influence of dietary fatty acids on muscle fatty acid composition and expression levels of 6 desaturase-like and Elovl5-like elongase in common carp (Cyprinus carpio var.Jian). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 163: 184-192.
31. Ruyter, B., C. Roesjoe, K. Maesoeval, O. Einen and M.S. Thomassen. 2000. Influence of dietary n-3 fatty acids on the desaturation and elongation of [1-14C] 18:2 n-6 and [1-14C] 18:3 n-3 in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 23: 151–158.
32. Saitou, N., and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method. A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 4: 406-425.
33. Sambrook, J. and D.W. Russell. 2001. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, USA.
34. Sargent, J.R., D.R. Tocher and J.G. Bell. 2002. The lipids, pp. 181–257 In: Halver JE, Hardy RW (eds) Fish Nutrition, Academic Press, Elsevier, San Diego, California, USA.
35. Tamura, K., G. Stecher, D. Peterson, A. Filipski, and S. Kumar. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30: 2725-2729.
36. Tanomman, S., M. Ketudat-Cairns, A. Jangprai and S. Boonanuntanasarn. 2013. Characterization of fatty acid delta-6 desaturase gene in Nile tilapia and heterogenous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 166: 148-156.
37. Termvidchakorn, A. and K.G. Hortle. 2013. A guide to larvae and juveniles of some common fish species from the Mekong River Basin. MRC Technical Paper No.38. Mekong River Commission, Phnom Penh. 234 pp.
38. Thailand Feed Mill Association. 2009. https://www.thaifeedmill.com/tabid/78/Default.aspx.
39. Thompson, J.D., D.G. Higgins and T.J. Gibson. 1994. Clustal W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research 22: 4673–4680.
40. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, P. MacGlaughlin, F. McGhee and J.R. Dick. 2001. Hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of liver in salmonids: effects of dietary vegetable oil. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 130: 257-270.
41. Tocher, D.R., M. Agaba, N. Hastings, J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick and A.J. Teale. 2002a. Nutritional regulation of hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 24: 309–320.
42. Tocher, D.R., J. Fonseca-Madrigal, J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick, R.J. Henderson and J.R. Sargent. 2002b. Effects of diets containing linseed oil on fatty acid desaturation and oxidation in hepatocytes and intestinal enterocytes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 26: 157–170.
43. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, J.R. Dick and V.O. Crampton. 2003a. Effects of dietary vegetable oil in Atalantic salmon hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and liver fatty acid composition. Lipids 38: 723–732.
44. Tocher, D.R., J.G. Bell, F. McGhee, J.R. Dick and J. Fonseca-Madrigal. 2003b. Effect of dietary lipid level and vegetable oil an fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) over the whole production cycle. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 29: 193-209.
45. Tocher, D.R., J.R. Dick, P.M. MacGlaughlin and J.G. Bell. 2006. Effect of diets enriched in ∆6 desaturated fatty acids (18:3n-6 and 18:4n-3), on growth, fatty acid composition and highly unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in two populations of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 144: 245-253.
46. Turchini, G.M., D.S. Francis and S.S. De Silva. 2006. Modification of tissue fatty acid composition in Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii, Mitchell) resulting from a shift from vegetable oil diets to a fish oil diet. Aquaculture Research 37: 570–585.
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