Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ginger Rhizome Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatographic Technique

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop the qualitative and quantitative analytical method of ginger rhizome by monitoring the pungent ingredients including gingerols and shogaols by using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatographic (UPLC) technique. For qualitative analysis of ginger, 300 mg of powdered ginger was macerated in 20.0 ml of methanol for 24 h. Supernatant solution was pipetted and filtered through the nylon syringe filter. 3 μl of sample solution was injected into the chromatographic system consisting of AcquityTM BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.7 μm column and 40-65% of acetonitrile solution in water as mobile phase. Gradient elution was performed. Flow rate was set at 0.6 ml/min. Chamber temperature of sample chamber and column were 35 and 40°C, respectively. Detection was performed at the UV wavelength of 226 nm. 6 active compounds including 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol and 10-shogaol were detected at the retention times at 1.71, 2.39, 2.77, 2.45, 2.91 and 3.65 min, respectively. This system could be also used for determination of 6-gingerol content. The validation result of the developed method exhibited the linearity of calibration curve of 6-gingerol was in the range
of 0.0474-0.2758 mg/ml with coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9998. Accuracy and precision were in the range of 100.68-101.19% and 0.43-0.51%, respectively. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.0038 and 0.0127 mg/ml, respectively. When 8 samples of ginger were analysed, the content of 6-gingerol was obtained in the range of 0.50-1.49% w/w.