The Effect of Group Reminiscence Program on Self-Esteem among Institutionalized Older Adults
Keywords:
group reminiscence program, self-esteem, older adults, InstitutionalizedAbstract
Objective: To examine the impacts that a group-implemented reminiscence programme could have on Institutionalized older adults.
Design: Experimental research with a pre-test and an immediate post-test, and a two-week follow-up.
Methodology: The subjects were 44 purposively sampled Institutionalized older adults, assigned equally to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group participated in the group-implemented reminiscence programme once a week for fve weeks, whilst the control received standard care. Data were collected twice, immediately after the experiment and two weeks after the experiment, through a Selfesteem Questionnaire for Older Adults. The data were analysed using Fisher’s exact test, Independent T-test, ANCOVA and Repeated Measures ANOVA.
Results: The study revealed a signifcant difference in the average self-esteem scores achieved by the experimental group and control group immediately after the experiment (p < .05); nonetheless, no signifcant difference was found at the end of the two-week follow-up (p > .05). In the experimental group, the average self-esteem scores at the three stages (before, immediately after and two weeks after the experiment)
were signifcantly different (p < .05), whereas the control group displayed no such differences.
Recommendations: The group-implemented reminiscence programme helped increase the self-esteem of the Institutionalized older adults studied, but such increased self-esteem is still not sustainable. It is suggested, therefore, that the programme be further tested and modifed, so that it can heighten self-esteem in a sustainable manner.
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