Prevalence of Malaria infection and types of Anopheles mosquito in Somdet district, Kalasin province of Thailand

Abstract

Malaria is recognized as a serious public health problem of the world. It is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by infection with Plasmodium protozoa (a group of single-celled microorganisms) transmitted by an infective female Anopheles mosquito. Thailand, inthe 2012 the outbreak of malaria in the somdet district,  Kalasin province of Thailand, particularly in the area of 3 sub-district including Pasawauy, Mahachai and Sangbadan and the data report malaria infections during January - November 2012 (n=256 case).This study focuses on the factors that affect the spread of malaria. The infection is diagnosed by standard methods (thick and thin blood smear). The objective was to determine the prevalence, types of malaria, type of mosquito and type of Anopheles mosquito in this area including geography, climate and the relationship between volunteers with history of malaria and occupation. The 224 volunteers have volunteers with a history of malaria had 81 cases, representing 31.16%. Farmer was the major group with malarial infection whereas those who worked as farmer/chaser was the secondary group. Total number of mosquitoes collected was390(Anopheles =26). Percent of the Anopheles species were Anopheles minimus Anopheles spp. Anopheles barbirostris Anopheles karwari and Anopheles nivipesis 53.87 19.24 15.38 7.70and3.84respectively. This study gives the useful information for studying the outbreak, control and prevention of malarial data in Somdet district, Kalasin province.