Detection and Identification of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from Layer Flocks in Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Published:
Dec 4, 2018
Keywords:
Detection and identification Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale ELISA Polymerase chain reaction
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Abstract
Respiratory disease conditions are causing heavy economic losses in the poultry industry. Ornithobacteriosis is one of the infectious diseases of avian species that has been observed in the poultry flocks of many different countries and is continuing to emerge as a growing concern in the economic viability of the poultry industry. The objectives of this study were to detect and identify the ORT from layer flocks in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Layer antibodies were determined in the serum samples of 30 clinically infected layer flocks of different ages (18-63 weeks) by ELISA. The serum analysis showed that the antibody responses were 78% negative, 7% suspect, and 15% positive. Older layers (41-63 weeks) revealed higher positive results than the younger aged layers (18-38 weeks). The bacteria were isolated and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Bacterial isolation and identification revealed that out of the eleven isolates tested, 8 showed positive results to PCR analysis. This study is very useful and is the first report about ORT found in layer flocks in Chiang Mai where the ORT vaccines are not available. Most importantly, this research has found that both bacteriological and molecular techniques can be used to detect ORT.
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References
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Bragg, R., J. Greyling and J. Verschoor. 1997. Isolation and identification of NAD-independent bacteria from chickens with symptoms of infectious coryza. Avian Path. 26:595-606.
Canal, C.W., J.A. Leão, D.J. Ferreira, M. Macagnan, C.T.P. Salle and A. Back. 2003. Prevalence of antibodies against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in broilers and breeders in Southern Brazil. Avian Dis. 47:163-169.
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Canal, C.W., J, A. Leão, S.L.S. Rocha, M. Macagnan, C.A.V. Lima-Rosa, S.D. Oliveira and A. Back. 2005. Isolation and characterization of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from chickens in Brazil. Res. Vet. Sci. 78(3):225-230.
Chansiripornchai, N. and J. Sasipreeyajan. 2002. Efficacy of sarafloxacin in broliers after experimental infection with Escherichia coli. Vet. Res. Comm. 26(4): 255-262.
Chansiripornchai, N., W. Wanasawaeng and J. Sasipreeyajan. 2007. Seroprevalence and identification of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from broiler and broiler breeder flocks in Thailand. Avian Dis. 51:777-780.
Charlton, B.R., S.E. Channing-Santiago, A.A. Bickford, C.J. Cardona, R.P. Chin, G.L. Cooper, R. Droual, J.S. Jeffrey, C.U. Meteyer, H.L. Shivaprasad and R. Walker. 1993. Preliminary characterization of a pleomorphic gram-negative-rod associated with avian respiratory disease. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 5:47-51.
Chin, R. and R. Droual. 1997. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection. In: Disease of Poultry 10th ed., B.W.Calnek (ed.) Ames: Iowa State University Press. 1012-1015.
Chu, J., Q. Zhang, Z. Zuo, S. El-Ashram, Y. Guo, P. Zhao, S. Huang, C. He and A. Khan. 2017. Co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci with H9N2, ORT and Aspergillus fumigatus contributes to severe pneumonia and high mortality in SPF chickens. Sci. Rep. 7(1):13997.
De Boeck, C., I. Kalmar, A. Dumont and D. Vanrompay. 2015. Longitudinal monitoring for respiratory pathogens in broiler chickens reveals co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci and Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale. J. Med. Microbiol. 64(5):565-74.
Devruese, L.A., J. Hommez, P. Vandamme, K. Kersters and F. Haesebrouck. 1995. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale strains from poultry and zild birds. Vet. Rec. 137:435-436.
El-Sukhon, S.N., A. Musa, M. Al-Attar. 2002. Studies on the bacterial etiology of airsacculitis of broilers in northern and middle Jordan with special reference to Escherichea coli, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and Bordetella avium. Avian Dis. 46: 605–612.
Hafez, H.M. 2002. Diagnosis of Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 1(5):114-118.
Hafez, H.M. and W. Beyer. 1997. Preliminary investigation on Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale “ORT” isolates using PCR fingerprints. In: Proceedings XIth International Conference of World Veterinary Poultry Association. Budapest. 51 p.
Hafez, H.M. and R. Sting. 1996. Serological surveillance on Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in poultry flock using self/made ELISA. In: Proceedings of the 24th Western Poultry Disease Conference, Cancun. 163-164 p.
Hafez, H.M. and R. Sting. 1999. Investigations on different Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale “ORT” isolates. Avian Dis. 34:1–7.
Hinz, K.H., C. Blome and M. Ryll. 1994. Acute exudative pneumonia and airsacculitis associated with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in turkeys. Vet. Rec. 135:233-234.
Numee, S., R. Hauck and H.M. Hafez. 2012. Detection and typing of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from German poultry flocks. Avian Dis. 56(4):654-658.
Pan, Q., A. Liu, F. Zhang, Y. Ling, C. Ou, N. Hou and C. He. 2012. Co-infection of broilers with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and H9N2 avian influenza virus. BMC Vet Res 8:104.
Roepke, D. C., A. Back, D.P. Shaw, K.V. Nagaraja, S.J. Sprenger, and D.A. Halvorson. 1998. Isolation and identification of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from commercial turkey flocks in the upper midwest. Avian Dis. 42:219-221.
Szabó, R., E. Wehmann, L. Makrai, C. Nemes, É. Gyuris, Á. Thuma and T. Magyar. 2017. Characterization of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale field isolates from Hungary. Avian Pathol. 46(5):506-514.
Vandamme, P., P. Segers, M. Vancanneyt, K. van Hove, R. Mutters, and J. Hommez, F. Dewhirst, B. Paster, K. Kersters and E. Falsen. 1994. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale gen. nov., sp. Nov., isolation from the avian respiratory tract. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:24-37.
van Beek, P., P. van Empel, G. van den Bosch, P. K. Storm, J. H. Bongers and J. H. du Preez. 1994. Respiratory problems, growth retardation and arthritis in turkeys and broilers caused by a Pasteurella-like organism: Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale or Taxon 28. Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 119:99–101.
van Empel, P., H. van den Bosch, P. Loeffen and P. Storm. 1997. Identification and Serotyping of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:418-421.
van Empel, P. and H.M. Hafez. 1999. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: a review. Avian Path. 28:217-222.
van Empel, P., M. Vrijenhoek, D. Goovaerts and H. van den Bosch. 1999. Immunohistochemical and serological investigation of experimental Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale infection in chickens. Avian Path. 25:187-193.
van Veen, L., P. van Empel and T. Fabri. 2000. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, a primary pathogen in broilers. Avian Dis. 44:896-900.
Zuo Z., T.Y. Zhang, Y.X. Guo, J. Chu, G.G. Qu, L.Z. Miao, Z.Q. Shen and C. He. 2018. Serosurvey of avian metapneumovirus, Orithobacterium rhinotracheale, and Chlamydia psittaci and their potential association with avian airsacculitis. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 31(5):403-406.
Bock, R., P. Freidlin, M. Manoim, A. Inbar, A. Frommer, P. Vandamme and P. Wilding. 1997. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) associated with a new turkey respiratory tract infectious agent in Israel. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of the World Veterinary Poultry Association, Budapest. 120 p.
Bragg, R., J. Greyling and J. Verschoor. 1997. Isolation and identification of NAD-independent bacteria from chickens with symptoms of infectious coryza. Avian Path. 26:595-606.
Canal, C.W., J.A. Leão, D.J. Ferreira, M. Macagnan, C.T.P. Salle and A. Back. 2003. Prevalence of antibodies against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in broilers and breeders in Southern Brazil. Avian Dis. 47:163-169.
Canal, C.W., S.L.S. Rocha, J.A. Leão, L.C.B. Fallavena, S.D. Oliveira and N. Beltrão. 2003a. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT). Cienc. Rural. 33:371-373.
Canal, C.W., J, A. Leão, S.L.S. Rocha, M. Macagnan, C.A.V. Lima-Rosa, S.D. Oliveira and A. Back. 2005. Isolation and characterization of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from chickens in Brazil. Res. Vet. Sci. 78(3):225-230.
Chansiripornchai, N. and J. Sasipreeyajan. 2002. Efficacy of sarafloxacin in broliers after experimental infection with Escherichia coli. Vet. Res. Comm. 26(4): 255-262.
Chansiripornchai, N., W. Wanasawaeng and J. Sasipreeyajan. 2007. Seroprevalence and identification of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from broiler and broiler breeder flocks in Thailand. Avian Dis. 51:777-780.
Charlton, B.R., S.E. Channing-Santiago, A.A. Bickford, C.J. Cardona, R.P. Chin, G.L. Cooper, R. Droual, J.S. Jeffrey, C.U. Meteyer, H.L. Shivaprasad and R. Walker. 1993. Preliminary characterization of a pleomorphic gram-negative-rod associated with avian respiratory disease. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 5:47-51.
Chin, R. and R. Droual. 1997. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection. In: Disease of Poultry 10th ed., B.W.Calnek (ed.) Ames: Iowa State University Press. 1012-1015.
Chu, J., Q. Zhang, Z. Zuo, S. El-Ashram, Y. Guo, P. Zhao, S. Huang, C. He and A. Khan. 2017. Co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci with H9N2, ORT and Aspergillus fumigatus contributes to severe pneumonia and high mortality in SPF chickens. Sci. Rep. 7(1):13997.
De Boeck, C., I. Kalmar, A. Dumont and D. Vanrompay. 2015. Longitudinal monitoring for respiratory pathogens in broiler chickens reveals co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci and Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale. J. Med. Microbiol. 64(5):565-74.
Devruese, L.A., J. Hommez, P. Vandamme, K. Kersters and F. Haesebrouck. 1995. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale strains from poultry and zild birds. Vet. Rec. 137:435-436.
El-Sukhon, S.N., A. Musa, M. Al-Attar. 2002. Studies on the bacterial etiology of airsacculitis of broilers in northern and middle Jordan with special reference to Escherichea coli, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and Bordetella avium. Avian Dis. 46: 605–612.
Hafez, H.M. 2002. Diagnosis of Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 1(5):114-118.
Hafez, H.M. and W. Beyer. 1997. Preliminary investigation on Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale “ORT” isolates using PCR fingerprints. In: Proceedings XIth International Conference of World Veterinary Poultry Association. Budapest. 51 p.
Hafez, H.M. and R. Sting. 1996. Serological surveillance on Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in poultry flock using self/made ELISA. In: Proceedings of the 24th Western Poultry Disease Conference, Cancun. 163-164 p.
Hafez, H.M. and R. Sting. 1999. Investigations on different Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale “ORT” isolates. Avian Dis. 34:1–7.
Hinz, K.H., C. Blome and M. Ryll. 1994. Acute exudative pneumonia and airsacculitis associated with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in turkeys. Vet. Rec. 135:233-234.
Numee, S., R. Hauck and H.M. Hafez. 2012. Detection and typing of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from German poultry flocks. Avian Dis. 56(4):654-658.
Pan, Q., A. Liu, F. Zhang, Y. Ling, C. Ou, N. Hou and C. He. 2012. Co-infection of broilers with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and H9N2 avian influenza virus. BMC Vet Res 8:104.
Roepke, D. C., A. Back, D.P. Shaw, K.V. Nagaraja, S.J. Sprenger, and D.A. Halvorson. 1998. Isolation and identification of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from commercial turkey flocks in the upper midwest. Avian Dis. 42:219-221.
Szabó, R., E. Wehmann, L. Makrai, C. Nemes, É. Gyuris, Á. Thuma and T. Magyar. 2017. Characterization of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale field isolates from Hungary. Avian Pathol. 46(5):506-514.
Vandamme, P., P. Segers, M. Vancanneyt, K. van Hove, R. Mutters, and J. Hommez, F. Dewhirst, B. Paster, K. Kersters and E. Falsen. 1994. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale gen. nov., sp. Nov., isolation from the avian respiratory tract. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:24-37.
van Beek, P., P. van Empel, G. van den Bosch, P. K. Storm, J. H. Bongers and J. H. du Preez. 1994. Respiratory problems, growth retardation and arthritis in turkeys and broilers caused by a Pasteurella-like organism: Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale or Taxon 28. Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 119:99–101.
van Empel, P., H. van den Bosch, P. Loeffen and P. Storm. 1997. Identification and Serotyping of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:418-421.
van Empel, P. and H.M. Hafez. 1999. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: a review. Avian Path. 28:217-222.
van Empel, P., M. Vrijenhoek, D. Goovaerts and H. van den Bosch. 1999. Immunohistochemical and serological investigation of experimental Ornitho bacterium rhinotracheale infection in chickens. Avian Path. 25:187-193.
van Veen, L., P. van Empel and T. Fabri. 2000. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, a primary pathogen in broilers. Avian Dis. 44:896-900.
Zuo Z., T.Y. Zhang, Y.X. Guo, J. Chu, G.G. Qu, L.Z. Miao, Z.Q. Shen and C. He. 2018. Serosurvey of avian metapneumovirus, Orithobacterium rhinotracheale, and Chlamydia psittaci and their potential association with avian airsacculitis. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 31(5):403-406.