The Effect of Ammonium Sulphate on Fire Retardancy and Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Rubberwood by LOI and TGA/DTG
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of ammonium sulphate (AS) contents having concentration of 0-30 %wt impregnated on rubberwood. For this purpose, thermal degradation mechanism of samples was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis under air whereas the flammability test was applied using limiting oxygen index (LOI) and, reachability was carried out according to JIS K 1571. From TGA/DTG, the impregnation of rubberwood with AS was able to shift the decomposition temperature to the lower side temperature (215 ⁰C) and reduced the degradation rate from 11.48 to 5.45 % ºC-1, and the decomposition range of modified wood was wider than unmodified wood. The concentration levels of AS fire-retardant agent affect to change the degradation reaction of wood as a positive effect in term of a high residual weight, a low weight loss, a low initial temperature. The weight residue at 600 ⁰C are found to increase from 0.82 to 3.23 %. Especially, The LOI values of all impregnated samples with AS are classified as self-extinguishing rubberwood, and LOI increased from 26 to 42. This is indicated that the AS impregnation improves the fire retardant property of rubberwood. In addition, the leaching of AS from samples was in range 3-4 % indicated that the good fixation of AS in wood structure. Consequently, rubberwood impregnated with AS can be used as a material where fire retardancy is required.
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