Comparison between Different Preparations (Fruit Juice, Freeze-Dried Fruit Juice and Seedless Dry Fruit) of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia) on Postprandial Plasma Glucose, Insulin and Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetics
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Abstract
Background: Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia) (MC) has been used as an antidiabetic herb for a long time. However, research evidence has been conflicting.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of different preparations of Momordia charantia (MC) prepared by various processing (fruit juice, freeze-dried fruit juice and seedless dry fruit) on postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels in type 2 diabetics.
Method: This was a randomized cross-over study. Twelve type 2 diabetics from Ramathibodi hospital who had been on dietary control with or without oral hypoglycemic agents were randomized to undergo 4 acute tests. The tests consisted of ingestion of MC fruit juice, freeze-dried MC fruit juice, and seedless dry MC fruit before having a 400 kcal standard meal and a control with on MC. There were 1 month washouts between tests. Blood samples were drawn before taking in the standard meal (0 min) and at 60, 120 and 240 minutes after the meal.
Results: After ingestion of the MC fruit juice, mean postprandial glucose levels at 60 and 120 minutes (155 ± 9 and 169 ± 12 mg/dl) and the area under the glucose curve (AUC) were significantly (p < 0.037) lower than the control period (194 ± 11 and 233 ± 13 mg/dl) whereas no significant difference was found after ingestion of other of other MC preparations. All MC preparations tended to produce lower postprandial insulin surges as compared to the control period but there were no significant differences between them. Whereas postprandial TG rose significantly during the control period and after ingestion of other MC preparations, there was on significant rise of postprandial triglyceridemia after MC fruit juice (107 ± 62 and 116 ± 65 mg/dl). The only side effects seen were a bowel movement and flatulence occurred in particularly after MC fruit juice.
Conclusions: The results demonstrated that among all MC products, the most efficient preparation for postprandial glycemic and triglyceridemia control was seen MC fruit juice. No serious adverse everts were note throughout the study.
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References
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