Effect of Total Phenolic Content on Metal Chelation and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Rhizophora apiculata

Main Article Content

Luksamee Vittaya
Juntra Ui-eng
Nararak Leesakul

บทคัดย่อ

The present study is aimed to study and determine the total phenolic content, the metal chelation and the antioxidant activity of the extracts of Rhizophora apiculata bark and leaf from the organic solvents which were hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The total phenolic contents of six extracts were analyzed by the Folin-ciocateu colorimetric method. Their antioxidant properties were determined by free radical scavenging and metal chelation. The R.apiculata leaf and bark extracted in ethyl acetate and methanol had more total phenolic content than those extracted in hexane, especially the bark extracts, for which total phenolic content was calculated at 1.620 ± 0.082 mg GAE/ g CE for ethyl acetate bark extract and 1.595 ± 0.033 mg GAE/ g CE for methanolic bark extract. The results of the free radical scavenging activity study showed that the antioxidant activity of R.apiculata was more pronounced in the bark than in the leaf. This was clearly demonstrated by the lower IC50 values, especially in the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts (IC50 = 6.31 ± 0.23 and 6.80 ± 0.19 g/mL, respectively). These antioxidant activities were stronger than those of the BHT standard, which produced IC50 values of 10.13 ± 0.45 g/mL. Furthermore, these data for antioxidant activity were supported by the results of the metal chelation assay, in which ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of R.apiculata bark showed the highest capacity of metal chelation by ferrous ion at 10.497 ± 0.051 and 10.234 ± 0.101 mg Fe2+/ g CE, respectively. It can be concluded that the R.apiculata bark extracts had interesting bioactive substances, and were effective in scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions. Its extract has the potential to be a powerful antioxidant agent. Further research is required on the recognition and purification of the interesting bioactive and phenolic compounds from ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of this species.

Article Details

บท
บทความวิจัย

References

[1] Shelar PS, Reddy VKS, Shelar GS, et al. Medicinal value of mangroves and its antimicrobial properties-A review. Continental J Fish Aqua Sci. 2012; 6(1):26-37.

[2] Vijayavel K, Anbuselvam C, Balasubramanian MP. Free radical scavenging activity of the marine mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extract with reference to naphthalene induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Chem Biol Interact. 2006; 163:170–5.

[3] Shamsuddin AA, Najiah M, Suvik A, et al. Antibacterial properties of selected Mangrove plants against Vibrio species and Its cytotoxicity against Artemiasalina. World Appl Sci J. 2013; 25(2):333-40.

[4] Loo AY, Jain K, Darah I. Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of the pyroligneous acid from a mangrove plant, Rhizophora apiculata. Food Chem. 2007; 104:300-7.

[5] Loo AY, Jain K, Darah I. Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from the pyroligneous acid, Rhizophora apiculata. Food Chem. 2008; 107:1151-60.

[6] Rahim AA, Rocca E, Steinmetz J, et al. Antioxidant activities of mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extracts. Food Chem. 2008; 107:200-7.

[7] Gao M, Xiao H. Activity-guided isolation of antioxidant compounds from Rhizophora apiculata. Molecules. 2012; 17:10675-82.

[8] Sulaiman S, Ibrahim D, Kassim ., et al. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of condensed tannin from Rhizophora apiculata barks. J Chem Pharm Res. 2011; 3(4):436-44.

[9] Hong LS, Ibrahim D, Kassim J, et al. Gallic acid: An anticandidal compound in hydrolysable tannin extracted from the barks of Rhizophora apiculate Blume. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2011; 1(6):75-9.

[10] Abeysinghe PD. Antibacterial activity of some medicinal mangroves against antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2010; 72(2):167-72.

[11] Ravikumar S, Gnanadesigan M, Suganthi P, et al. Antibacterial potential of chosen mangrove plants against isolated urinary tract infectious bacterial pathogens. Int J Med Med Sci. 2010; 2(3):94-9.

[12] Nebula M, Harisankar HS, Chandramohanakumar N. Metabolites and bioactivity of Rhizophoraceae mangroves. Nat Prod Bioprospect. 2013; 3:207-32.

[13] Szydłowska-Czerniak A, Dianoczki C, Recseg K., et al. Determination of antioxidant capacities of vegetable oils by ferric-ion spectrophoto metric methods. Talanta. 2008; 76:899-905.

[14] Vittaya L, Chalad C, Khongsai S, et al. Phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, and antibacterial activity of Derris trifoliate extracts. Thai J Bot. 2014; 6:109-15.

[15] Abed SA, Sirat MH, Taher M. Total phenolic, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and toxicity study of Gynotroches axillaris Blume (Rhizophoraceae). EXCLI J. 2013; 12:404-12.

[16] Miliauskas G, Venskutonis PR, Van Beek TA, Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chem. 2004; 85:231-37.

[17] Seethalaxmi MS, Shubharani R, Nagananda GS, et al. Phytochemical analysis and free radical scavenging potential of Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muell. leaf. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2012; 5(2):135-7.

[18] Sultana B, Anwar F, Przybylski R. Antioxidant activity of phenolic contents present in bark of barks of Azadirachta indica, Terminaliaarjuna, Acacianilotica, and Eugenia jambslana Lam trees. Food Chem. 2007; 104:1106-14.

[19] Vittaya L, Khongsai S, Ui-eng J, et al. Phytochemical screening, phenolic content and free radical scavenging activity of Baliospermum solanifolium (Burm.) Suresh stem and leaf extracts. Thai J Bot 2017; 9(1):97-105.

[20] Choi Y, Jeong J. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from some grains consumed in Korea. Food Chem. 2007; 103:130-8.

[21] Shrestha S, Subaramaihha SR, Subbaiah SG, et al. Evaluation the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of rush succedanea leaf gall. Bioimpacts. 2013; 3(4):195-8.

[22] Vittaya L, Chalad C. Effect of solvents on phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activty of leaf and bark extracts from Rhizophora apicalata. RMUTSV Research J. 2016; 8(1):31-8.

[23] Eshwarppa RSB, Ramachandra YL, Subaramaihha SR, et al. Antioxidant activities of leaf gall extracts of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz. (Combretaceae). Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2015;14(2):97-105.

[24] Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Bolwell PG, et al. The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoid. Free Radic Res. 1995; 22:375-83.

[25] Nabeel AM, Kathiresan K, Chinthamani M, et al. Insulin-like antigen of mangrove leaves and its anti-diabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Nat Prod Res. 2012; 26:1161-6.

[26] Mohamed AA, Khalil AA, El-Bettagi H. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Kaff maryam (Ahastatica hierochuntica) and doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica). Grassas y Aceites. 2010; 61(1):67-75.