การจัดลำดับความเสี่ยงของการก่อสร้างอุโมงค์ใต้ดินด้วยเครื่องเจาะอุโมงค์โดยใช้ วิธีการตัดสินใจแบบหลายหลักเกณฑ์แบบผสมผสาน

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นิธิเดช คูหาทองสัมฤทธิ์
วาสนา จันทร์ขำ
สุชาติ หัตถ์สุวรรณ

บทคัดย่อ

การศึกษานี้นำเสนอวิธีการตัดสินใจแบบหลายหลักเกณฑ์แบบผสมสานในการจัดลำดับความสำคัญความเสี่ยงของการก่อสร้างอุโมงค์ใต้ดินด้วยเครื่องเจาะอุโมงค์ วิธีการที่เสนอประกอบไปด้วยกระบวนการลำดับชั้นเชิงวิเคราะห์ (Analytic Hierarchy Process: AHP) และวิธีการตัดสินใจแบบเรียงลำดับความสำคัญเทียบเคียงอุดมคติ (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution: TOPSIS) โดย AHP ถูกนำมาใช้ในการกำหนดน้ำหนักความสำคัญของเกณฑ์การตัดสินใจโดยการเปรียบเทียบเกณฑ์การตัดสินใจและความเสี่ยงเป็นรายคู่ ในขณะที่ TOPSIS ถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อจัดลำดับความเสี่ยงของการก่อสร้างอุโมงค์ด้วยเครื่องเจาะอุโมงค์ โดยลำดับความเสี่ยงพิจารณาด้วยการเรียงลำดับค่าสัมประสิทธิ์เข้าใกล้แนวคิดอุดมคติจากค่ามากไปหาน้อย สุดท้ายประยุกต์วิธีการที่เสนอในการจัดลำดับความเสี่ยงของการก่อสร้างอุโมงค์ใต้ดินด้วยเครื่องเจาะอุโมงค์ในโครงการรถไฟฟ้าสายสีส้มส่วนตะวันออก ผลการวิจัยแสดงให้เห็นว่าวิธีการที่เสนอสามารถเรียงลำดับความเสี่ยงได้อย่างมีเหตุผลจากค่าสัมประสิทธิ์เข้าใกล้แนวคิดอุดมคติซึ่งคำนวณได้จากน้ำหนักความสำคัญขององค์ประกอบในการตัดสินใจทั้งหมด ประโยชน์จากการศึกษานี้เป็นแนวทางวางแผนป้องกันเหตุการณ์อันไม่พึงประสงค์ของการก่อสร้างอุโมงค์ใต้ดินด้วยเครื่องเจาะอุโมงค์โดยพิจารณาความเสี่ยงที่มีความสำคัญสูงสุดก่อน

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