Ayutthaya in Rattanakosin Era From the Reign of King Rama I to King Rama V: A Documentary Research on Literature and Official Documents
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Published:
Dec 17, 2019
Keywords:
Ayutthaya Ayutthaya Restoration
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Abstract
Ayutthaya was the capital of Siam for over four hundred years before it fell to Burma in 1767 and was left forlorn for several decades. Throughout the reigns of King Rama I and King Rama III, only a few temples in Ayutthaya were restored for merit-making purposes, such as Wat Suwandararam, Wat Salapoon, and Wat Na Phra Meru. Besides, in the reign of King Rama I Ayutthaya was demolished as bricks from the ruined site were brought down to Bangkok, where they were incorporated into the new capital. Obviously, the kings in early Rattanakosin period were engaged in the establishment of a new capital and the Thai nobles perceived it a ruined city. It was not until the reign of King Rama IV that Ayutthaya restoration was undertaken, beginning with Wat Chumphonnikayaram, Wat Senasanaram, Chandrakasem Palace, and Narai Palace. The main reason is western colonialism; the king wanted to portray Siam as a country of long history and prosperity through the splendors of Ayutthaya. Also, it was likely that he tried to relate Chakri dynasty to Ayutthaya since most of the temples and palaces restored in his reign belonged to Prasat Thong dynasty in late Ayutthaya. Ayutthaya has been restored several times ever since, and has been regarded as an old capital and the root of Thai civilization.
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References
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Banchī māi rap ratchakān thī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜iyīsipčhet lēk thī sipkāo. Rư̄ang sadet khưn pai kō̜ phra rœ̄k phra ʻubōsot phra čhēdī wat khamin mư̄ang krung kao læ mī lakhō̜n thī wang čhanthra kasēm [The Royal Order King Rama IV, 1865 No. 19. His Majesty the king goes to lay the foundation stone of a temple hall, Chamin Temple, Old City and have a drama at Chandrakasem Palace]. (n.p.).
Banchī māi rap ratchakān thī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜iyīsipkāo lēk thī hāsipkāo. Rư̄ang sadet pai krung kao phrarātchathān kathin kō̜ wat suwan dārā rām. [The Royal Order King Rama IV, 1867 No.59. His Majesty the king goes to the Old City for his royal highness kathin, to lay the foundation stone of Suwanararam Temple]. (n.p.).
Banchī māirapsang ratchakān thī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isippǣt lēk thī nưngrāng sāntrāthưng phrayā bōrān krung kao hai sō̜msǣm phra rāt wang čhanthra kasēm [The Royal order of King Rama IV, 1852 No. 1. The draft of the seal to Phraya Boran, Old city to reconstruction Chandrakasem Palace]. (n.p.).
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Čhotmāihēt ratchakān thī sām mai rabu sakkarāt lēk thī sipʻet. Banchī ngœ̄n khā sō̜msǣm wat sālā pūn krung kao [Archives of King Rama III, No. 11. List of Reconstruction Cost for Sala Poon Temple, Krung Khao City]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakān thī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isippǣt lēk thī nưngrō̜isāmsiphā. Rāng trā nō̜i nangsư̄phrayā mahā ‘ammāt thưng čhaophrayā sī tham phalō phū raksā krung kao. Rư̄ang hai samrūat sathāpanā phra prāng phra čhēdī tām wat tāng tāng [Archives of King Rama IV, 1852 No. 135. Little Draft from Phraya Maha Ammat to Choaphraya Srithampalo’ s Krung Kao keeper. To survey and establish the Phra Prang Phra Chedi in various temples]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sām čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜i lēk thī sī. Khat nangsư̄ phrayā mahā ‘ammāt. Rưang wat khanāt phraphuttharūp wat mongkhon bō̜phit [Archives of King Rama III, 1838 No.4. Copy Write of Phraya Maha Ammat. Measurement of Buddha Image of Mongkhonbopit Temple]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sām čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isām lēk thī hāsipʻet. Sāntrā thưng mư̄ang chai nāt. Rư̄ang hai nam tang Čhīn hēng pen nāiʻākō̜n bō̜ ‘on bīa. [Archives of King Rama III 1841 No. 51. Charter to Chai Nat City. “The establishment of China Heng is a taxpayer”]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sām čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜ihok lēk thī sipkāo khat nangsư̄ phrayā ‘ammāt. rư̄ang tư̄an hai chūai dūlǣ čhatkān sop phrayā chai Wichit. [Archives of King Rama III, 1844 No. 19. Copy Write of Phraya Ammat. “Remind for funeral of Chao Phraya Chaiwichit”]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sām čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜ihok lēk thī sō̜ngrō̜ihāsipkāo. Khat nangsư̄čhao phrabō̜ dinthō̜ndēchā. Rư̄ang hai bō̜k but phanrayā phrayā chai Wichit khon kao pai sīa čhāk bānlūang [Archives of King Rama III, 1844 No. 298. Copy write of the Bodindecha. To Notify Family of Phraya Chai Wichit to leave from the royal house]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sām čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isipsō̜ng lēk thī yīsipsō̜nḡ. Khat bō̜k krung kao thưng mahātthai. Rư̄ang nam fon lǣ ton khāo læ banchī wat phra song [Archives of King Rama III, 1850 No. 22. Copy write from the Krung Khao City to the interior. “Rainwater rice plantations and List of Temple and Monk.”]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sī čhō̜ sō̜ lēk thīRāng trā thưng čhao mư̄ang krommakān krung kao. Kēn khon tham tamnak rōng khōn lakhō̜n phưa somphōt phraphuttharūp wat phananchœ̄ng [Archives, King Rama IV, 1854 No.4 Draft to the Governor of the Department of the City, Krung Kao City. To gather people to build the royal house and Khon theater for celebrate the Buddha image, Panan Choeng Temple]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isippǣt lēk thī čhet. Rāng trā thưng phralak sadān lak tō̜p rap baibō̜k kān sō̜m wat phananchœ̄ng wat phra nā mēn. [Archives of King Rama IV, 1856 No. 7. Draft to Phra Luksadanluk. To accepting for reconstruct Panan Chueng Temple and Na Phramaru Temple]. (n.p.).
Čhotmāihēt ratchakānthī sī čhō̜ sō̜ nưngphansō̜ngrō̜isippǣt lēk thī siphā. Khat baibō̜k mư̄ang sangkha krung kao thưng čhaophrayā mahā sī tham krommakān krung kao bō̜k rư̄ang kāntham sanphet prāsāt [Archives of King Rama IV, 1856 No. 15. Copy write Sungkha City at Krung Kao City to Chao Phraya Mahasitham, the old city department. To tell how to build Sun Pet Castle]. (n.p.).
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